Towards a spatial perspective: An integrative review of research on organisational space

Although the notion of space has gained considerable attention in organisation studies, it remains vague, and the respective literature is fragmented. In this paper, we review the empirical literature on organisational space with the aim of synthesising the findings of existing research and thereby facilitating the development of cumulative knowledge in this field. We highlight three dominant concepts that define space: boundaries, distance and movement. Furthermore, we identify four major spatial themes: the distribution of positions in space, the isolation of space, the differentiation of spaces and the intersection of distinct spaces. On that basis, we develop a comprehensive research framework and propose an agenda for future research on organisations from a spatial perspective.     

市域城镇体系空间布局研究——以河南平顶山为例

城镇体系的空间结构研究是人文地理学研究的重要方向。城镇体系的空间结构是否合理,对区域经济的发展有一定作用。文章采用定性分析与定量分析相结合的研究方法,对平顶山市域城镇体系规模等级、地域空间结构、市域经济发展水平等现状进行分析,通过运用断裂点公式对平顶山市域中心城市辐射影响范围进行定量计算,剖析平顶山市域城镇体系存在如下问题:城镇体系人口规模等级差异大,城镇化率基础好于全省平均水平,城镇化水平发展不平衡,城镇体系空间结构状态非均衡等。根据研究区域情况,对平顶山市域城镇体系进行布局构想,即打造叶平宝鲁一体化核心区为引领,加强3个卫星城市的发展为带动,做好小城镇的生态建设,完善市域交通网络建设,推进产业集聚区的建设,建立起一个等级清晰、核心突出、职能明确的"一心三卫三层"网络型城镇体系。     

Should retailers adjust their micro-marketing strategies to type of outlet? An application to location-based store space allocation in limited and full-service grocery stores

Many retailers today operate strategically different types of sites: ‘limited-service’ stores—that offer all core products/services but only a shallow assortment of non-core services—and ‘full-service’ sites with deep lines of both core and non-core services. An important question for these retailers is whether and how to adopt a micro-marketing strategy in each of these formats. In a micro-marketing strategy, retailers tailor their marketing mix to the characteristics of the local market in which each store outlet operates—a central issue being whether the allocation of store space across product categories should be location-specific. This paper (i) examines the conditions for such micro-marketing to be beneficial, and (ii) in particular—how these benefits depend on store format. It also (iii) indicates how the pattern of space adjustments to local conditions should differ between formats. The propositions are tested in a grocery retail setting, for a retail chain operating limited-service supermarkets and full-service hypermarkets. Our results suggest that micro-marketing is beneficial in both types of format. Yet, the appropriate way of localizing space allocation patterns is format-specific. While supermarkets should primarily adjust the space shares of food (core) categories, hypermarkets should primarily adapt the space shares of non-food (non-core) categories to local market conditions. The outcomes of the study have conceptual as well as managerial relevance and may prove useful for multi-format retailers in a wide range of settings.     

时空协同视角下的义乌中国小商品城演进历程分析

集贸式市场组织是一项极具“中国特色”的诱发性制度创新,是以某个固定场所为集聚地,以众多企业和个体商户为经营主体所形成的共享式交易平台。近年来,我国集贸式市场的组织形态及其功能都发生了重大变化,出现了与博览会、连锁经营、电子商务等现代流通业态相融合的趋势。在一个充分竞争的市场环境中,市场组织演进的结果体现出经济效率导向的要求。交易者将随着市场环境的变化,调整交易时间配置和空间分布的组合,以求达到交易成本最小化。本文以义乌中国小商品城为实证对象,以时间配置和空间分布为分析维度,运用交易费用经济学的理论方法,研究我国集贸式市场组织演进的动态过程。     

旅游地空间商品化的形式与影响研究--以云南省丽江古城为例

20世纪70年代法国学者亨利·勒菲弗尔(Henri Lefebvre)提出"空间生产理论",认为空间是在人类主体的有意识活动中被不断生产出来的.如果以勒菲弗尔(Lefebvre)空间生产概念为分析工具,旅游地空间也是在发展旅游业、刺激民众消费、获取经济效益等社会背景下被创造、生产出来的.人们以符号的制造与运用赋予地方价值,再把地方意象赋予实质可消费物品,提高商品的交换价值.旅游生产系统通过销售"地方",获取多重服务与消费之后的利润;游客则借由消费内含了丰富地方意象的物质商品和服务而消费地方.文章以社会学和旅游研究中的分析概念为工具,以丽江古城为案例,尝试分析在具有自然或文化特性的旅游地,地方符号被应用于商品消费的具体方式,以及具公共性的观光空间,如何被纳入到私人商品消费的范畴,并由此探究旅游地空间商品化的过程以及空间商品化对当地社会文化的影响,希望对今天的地方旅游规划和文化保护工作有所帮助.     

EMPIRICAL ESTIMATION OF NON-LINEAR INPUT–OUTPUT MODELS: AN ENTROPY ECONOMETRICS APPROACH

Despite theoretical advances, non-linear input–output models have been empirically applied only to a limited extent. This is mainly due to the fact that the number of parameters to be estimated is much higher than the number of available data points. Taking advantage of the recent proliferation of input–output databases and by applying an estimation strategy that relies on entropy econometrics, this paper suggests a way to estimate the parameters that characterize non-linear relationships between inputs and output. This non-linear modelling allows for considering time-specific input coefficients, instead of fixed ones. Several types of multipliers can be derived from this non-linear model, and the proposed generalized maximum entropy (GME) estimator allows estimating them from time series or cross-sectional datasets of input–output tables. The proposed GME technique is illustrated by means of an empirical application that estimates the parameters that characterize a non-linear input–output model for the Spanish economy over the period 1995–2011.     

底部大空间配筋砌块砌体剪力墙结构的抗震分析

本文简单介绍了底部大空间配筋砌块砌体剪力墙结构抗震设计的一般要求,并结合工程实例,对比分析了底部大空间配筋砌块砌体剪力墙结构与底部大空间钢筋混凝土剪力墙结构在一维与多维地震作用下的结构反应,以便为以后设计提供必要的参考。     

传统村落的公共空间保护与更新思路探讨——以红河州建水县苍台村为例

村落公共空间作为承载村落民俗、节庆、歌舞等传统技艺、传统文化的场所,是村落中的重要节点,本文将从红河州建水县团山村公共空间保护更新的经验入手,以此作为范例,借鉴其在传统村落中如何从整体格局和尺度考虑来构建真正适应于村民生产生活的场所,同时结合建水县官厅镇苍台村公共空间现状情况分析,比较得出适合于苍台村的公共空间保护与更新策略,为下一步苍台村空间格局的整体保护与发展提供参考价值。     

昆明轨道交通站点周边地区城市设计探讨

轨道交通站点周边地区由于建设开发强度大,建筑密度高,其建筑群体空间往往对周边城市环境带来压迫感。本文以香港成熟轨道站点地区已经建成的城市现状作为实证研究对象,从建筑群体高度控制和开放开放空间设计两个方面,分析总结其城市空间设计经验,给昆明轨道站点周边地区的城市设计以启发。     

旧水泥混凝土路面“白加黑”前压浆处治技术

旧水泥混凝土路面加铺沥青层(简称"白加黑")以其良好的使用性能在国内外得到广泛应用,反射裂缝是"白加黑"的主要病害,旧水泥混凝土路面良好的结构强度是控制或延缓反射裂缝发生的基础。对旧水泥混凝土路面采用压浆处治解决板下脱空问题,结合梅河高速公路加铺沥青混凝土工程,对板底脱空原因、压浆加固机理、压浆处治方案、压浆施工工艺及质量控制做了介绍。